Micro-screws in orthodontics: what they are and how they improve treatments

The orthodontics has come a long way in recent years, and one of the most innovative elements that has transformed certain treatments are micro-screws. These small tools help to correct the position of teeth more precisely and efficiently, providing optimal results for patients. In this article we will explain what micro-screws are, how they are used, their most common locations, types available and the medical procedure for their placement.

What are micro-screws in orthodontics and what are they used for?

Micro-screws, also known as micro-implants or temporary anchorage mini-screws (TADs), are tiny screws used in orthodontic treatment to provide an extra anchorage point.

They are temporary devices, which means that they are removed at the end of treatment. Micro-screws allow orthodontists to perform complex dental movements without putting pressure on neighbouring teeth, which can be very useful in the treatment of severe malocclusions or when individual teeth need to be moved without affecting the surrounding teeth.

And where are they placed?

Micro-screws can be placed in different parts of the mouth, depending on the treatment goals and the patient's tooth structure. The most common locations include:

• Between the roots of the teethOne of the most commonly used locations is between the teeth, especially in the lateral sectors of the mouth, e.g. to insert teeth.
• PalateIn some cases, they are placed in the palate, for example to pull out a canine that has become embedded in the bone.
• JawThey can be inserted in the mandibular ramus to help distalise the pieces towards more posterior sectors.

The orthodontist decides the best location depending on the type of correction needed and the biomechanics used in the treatment.

Types of micro-screws

There are several types of micro-screws, and the choice of the right type depends on factors such as size, material and treatment needs. For example, in terms of size, they range from 8 to 12mm depending on the area where they are to be inserted and there are button head, bracket, etc. depending on the biomechanics used in the treatment.

The material of choice in the vast majority of cases is titanium, because it is a biocompatible material, which reduces the risk of rejection or inflammation.

Medical procedure for placement

The insertion of a micro-screw is a simple and quick procedure, which is performed under local anaesthesia. The orthodontist follows these steps for insertion:

1. Pre-assessmentPrior to placement, a radiographic evaluation is performed to determine the ideal location.
2. Local anaesthesiaAnaesthesia is applied to the area where the micro-screw is to be placed so that the patient does not feel pain.
3. InsertionThe micro-screw is inserted into the bone by means of a small device that gently screws it into the bone until the proper anchorage is achieved.
4. Checking and adjustmentThe orthodontist checks that the screw is correctly positioned and makes the necessary adjustments.
5. AftercareBasic care will be given to the patient, such as maintaining good oral hygiene and avoiding touching the screw to ensure proper healing.

This process usually takes no more than 15-20 minutes and patients can go about their normal day after the procedure.

Micro-screws have revolutionised modern orthodontics, offering more precise and efficient solutions for the most complex treatments. Thanks to them, patients can enjoy better results in less time and with greater comfort.