Healthy gums are fundamental to maintaining a healthy and functional smile. Periodontal treatments are designed to prevent, control or treat diseases such as gingivitis and periodontitis, conditions that affect the tissues surrounding the teeth. Depending on the severity and needs of the patient, treatments are classified into different types. Here we explain the most common options and when they are recommended.
Preventive treatments
Professional dental cleaning (prophylaxis)
- When is it recommended? In patients without periodontal disease or with mild gingivitis, to maintain good oral health.
- What does it include? Removal of supragingival plaque and tartar to prevent infections. It is recommended every 6-12 months, according to the dentist's instructions.
Oral hygiene education
- When is it recommended? As a preventive measure or as an initial part of periodontal treatment.
- What does it include? Personalised instruction on brushing techniques, flossing and additional tools such as mouthwashes or irrigators.
Basic (non-surgical) treatments
Scaling and root planing (curettage)
- When is it recommended? In cases of mild to moderate periodontitis, with periodontal pockets 4-6 mm deep.
- What does it include? Removal of plaque and tartar from under the gums and smoothing of the roots to prevent reinfection.
Topical or systemic antimicrobial therapy
- When is it recommended? As a complement to scaling and root planing in localised infections or aggressive periodontitis.
- What does it include? Application of antibiotic or antiseptic gels, mouthwashes or oral medications.
Control of risk factors
- When is it recommended? At any stage of treatment, especially if there are aggravating factors such as smoking or diabetes.
- What does it include? Habit changes, such as smoking cessation, and medical monitoring to improve oral and general health.
Advanced (surgical) treatments
Periodontal pocket reduction surgery
- When is it recommended? In moderate to severe periodontitis, with deep pockets (>6 mm) that do not respond to non-surgical treatment.
- What does it include? Removal of inflamed tissue and tightening of the gums to facilitate daily cleaning.
Bone or tissue grafts
- When is it recommended? In cases of significant bone loss or severe gingival recession.
- What does it include? Use of biocompatible materials or the patient's own tissue to restore bone support and tooth stability.
Maintenance treatments
Periodontal maintenance therapy
- When is it recommended? After any periodontal treatment, to avoid relapse. Recommended every 4-6 months.
- What does it include? Regular deep cleanings and assessment of the state of the gums.
How to choose the right treatment?
The choice of periodontal treatment depends on a number of factors, among them:
- Severity of the disease: From gingivitis to severe periodontitis.
- Depth of pockets: Determined by periodontal probing.
- Symptoms present: Inflammation, bleeding, bone loss, among others.
- General health of the patient: Conditions such as diabetes may influence treatment.
It is essential that a periodontist assesses each case individually to design the most appropriate treatment plan.
Maintaining good oral health depends not only on treatments, but also on daily care. If you have any doubts about your gums or need advice, do not hesitate to contact us. At Vélez & Lozano we will be happy to help you maintain a healthy smile.
